Rotating baffling device for gas-turbines.



B. LJUNGSTRM. ROTATING BAFFLING DEVICE FOR GAS TURBINBS. APPLIGATIONHLBD APB. 4. 1907.

945,180, Patented Jan. 4, 1910.

' INVENTOR VQITNESSES I UNITED smiles rarnnfr omer..

:amena LJUNGsmnia, yor srocKHpLu, swnnmr.

BOTATING :BAEII'LINGv DEVICE FOR GAlS-TUBINES. i

' spcicauon of Letter's Patent.

Applioationled April .4, l1907. Serial No. 366,845.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, BIRGER LJUNGBTRM, a subject of the Kin of Sweden,residing at Stockholm, in the Klngdom of Sweden, have invented new anduseful'lmprovements in Rotating Baiiiin y lDevices for Gas-Turbines, ofwhichA the fol owing is a specification.

The present invention relates to a battling device for elasticfluidturbines, consisting in a labyrinth packing arranged between the shaftand the turbine-casing adjacent to where the shaft leaves the latter'.In order to make such packings effective, the drivinglnediuiuon its waythrough the packing, must be made to pass through a great number ot'contractions within the battling device. These contractions must,moreover, be of such a form as to constantly compel the driving-mediumto change its direction on passingy through the ring chambers comprisingthe baffling device. To obtain the best bathing effect therefore thedrivingmedium must enter a ring-chamber in one direction and pass overto the next ringchamber in another direction.

In the present invention which is 'illustrated on the annexed drawing, aplurality of plaited sheet-metal rings are so arranged as to form averylarge'number of contracted passages for Vthe driving-medium, withina compartively small volume while at the same time the said rings occupybut a small space in an' axial direction. This is of great importance,especially ,in that case, where the shaft supports a turbine-disk with abearing only on one side.

Battling devices heretofore utilized in known constructions, have` theserious drawbacks (especially whcre they work with high pressures and`alarge'number of revolutions),fthat they. must `both be cooled and oiled,besides requiring such a i length of shaft, that foi' radial turbineswith vane-- .supporting disks 'a great disadvantage is met with 1n thata great increase in the distance to the bearing outside the turbinehousing, is necessitat -Referring now to the accompanying drawing,Figure 1 is'ay View, partly in section, of a rotating baiiling devicefor as turbines, embodying my invention, in which the sheet metal rings`are plaited and conica'lly arranged about the shaft as a center; Fig. 2

is a.,` similar View in which the baiiiing rings are non-plaited and arearranged concentrically with the shaft. 1

Upon the shaft -a--and arranged in the turb1ne-casing -ois secured aturbine disk -bor other .members connected therewith. Within anauxiliary casing -lconected with the turbine casing bathing rings -eare,according to the upper part of Fig. 1, stationarily connected to thecasing flor to the turbine casing proper, while the baffling rings -fareconnected to the shaft or solne part fas tened thereto so as to rotaterelatively to the rings -e-. The rings in this case are supposed to bemade concentrically llaited or corrugated or in such a way as to ormthem with more or less sharp-edged corner-projections. The ring-shapedsheet-metal pieces thus formed are thus mounted in such manner that whenthev different rings are placed near each other, the parts -gof theplaits lie closer to each` other than 'the plalt-parts -o-, inconsequence whereof the parts -gform narrow canals between themselves,connecting broader chambers formed by the arts -v-. Thus thedriving-medium is orced to pass through the narrow channels in adifferent direction than that taken when passing through said broaderchambers. The conical shapegiven the rings in thisv case gives themgreater power of resistance' against the influence of thedriving-medium.

According to the lower part of Fig. 1 the battling devlce consistsofoppositely mount ed cyllndrical projections -wfand 0- situated partlyon ring-shaped disks -pcarried by the'shaft or on some art consav nectedtheretoand partl ,on similar disks -g-f connected wlth t e turbinecasing -cor some part attached thereto. The outiiow from t e labyrinthis here illustrated as being into conduits and 7s. These conduits -jan-c-, may if there is a super-pressure in the turbine casing, beconnected with` different zones of pressure in the vane-'systems for thepurpose of conducting to said systems that part of the steam or drivingmedium which leaks through the baie, and the steam or driving medium maythen do useful work and in that wayv decrease the losses throughleakage. If there be a canal or a constant vacuum in the turbine-casing,either or both .onl does the baille occupy the smallest conduits may beused-for conveying a rtlon of the driving medium to the ba ing device,for the purpose of preventing air through the same into thefturbine1Fig. 2l shows a modification in' the parts in which the device is madein the form of plaited cylinders, arranged concentrically With theshaft, and secured, partl to the part -bon shaft wand part y onthe.

By means of the present 'n invention not possib e space on the shaft butthe further advantage is gained that conduits for cooling Water and oilare made unnecessary by avoiding all Wear and sliding friction. There isin addition, no loss of heat from the 'v use of cooling-Water so thatthe invention is especially valuable when used in radial turbines, as inthese latter the use of a watercooling device for the shaft-baffle,causes relatively larger losses of heat than in axial turbines, wherethe distance from the shaftbaie to the warmer parts of the turbine maybe made greater.

` driving-medium.

In the present bathing device'it is advantageous to retaina'certain'pressure in some' parts of the same in order to revent leakageof air into the baie to com ine with the I-Iavuig thus dcribed myinvention, what y I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is :r

In combination with the shaft and turbine casing, of an elastic iuidturbine, an

auxiliary casing; a plurality of disks mounted upon said s aft andwithin `said casing, a plurality ofv disks mounted on the turbine casingWithin said auxiliary casing, all the said disks on the shaft and on thecasing being rovided with intermeshing rings yprojecting from the disksand arran ed to

